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MODERN HISTORY OF CHINA

Objective chronological listing of significant events leading up to modern China.

• February - Anti-Bolshevik (AB) campaign. Communist Party decides to establish the Jiangxi Provincial Soviet Government. Disagreements on land distribution policies. Beginning of the anti-Bolshevik purge that would last two years. Thousands of people, including Communist members, would be killed in the process.
  
• March - Feng Yuxiang, Yan Xishan, Li Zhongren and Wang Jingwei question the legitimacy of Chiang Kai-shek's Nanjing government.
  
• April - Full-scale civil war in central China. With support of dozens of generals, Yan Xishan (Shanxi faction) takes office as commander-in-chief of an anti-Chiang army.
  
• May - Chinese Communist Party beings plans to establish a national Soviet government.
  
• June - Fung Yuxiang is defeated a second time by Chiang's forces.
  
• June - In the south, troops of Guangdong province loyal to Nanjing enter Hunan province.
  
• June – Battle for central China. Li Zhongren, Bai Chongxi, Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Fakui, and Yan Xishan, join Wang Jingwei in a new Nationalist coalition against Chiang Kai-shek. Large scale battles breakout in Henan, Hunan and Shandong provinces.
  
• July - In Moscow, Communist International supports the formation of a Communist government in China.
  
• September - In Beijing, a rival Nationalist government is set up in opposition to the government in Nanjing.
  
• September - Zhang Xueliang (Northeast faction) declares loyalty to Nanjing. Zhang attacks and captures Beijing.
  
• October – Chiang Kai-shek wins the war against his Nationalist rivals. The war had involved about 800,000 men on each side with casualties of hundreds of thousands. At the end of the war, military expenses amount to about 85% of the national budget.
  
• November - Anti-Bolshevik (AB) purge at communist bases reach its peak in Jiangxi and Fujian provinces. Tens of thousands are tortured and executed.
  
• December – First suppression campaign conducted by Nationalist forces against the Soviet state in Jiangxi province. Nationalists mobilize about 100,000 men and the Communists have about 40,000. The campaign would end in failure by January 1931.
  

1930