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MODERN HISTORY OF CHINA

Objective chronological listing of significant events leading up to modern China.

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1923

  • January – Under the direction of Sun Yat-sen, a combined force of Guangxi, Yunan, and Guangdong armies drives Chen Jiongming out of Guangzhou.
  • January – Soviet Politburo decides to fully support the Nationalist Party.
  • January – Soviet diplomat Adolph A. Joffe visits Sun in Shanghai and sets out a detailed plan of cooperation. The Soviet Union will supply weapons, ammunition and cash. Chinese Communist Party members will be admitted into the Nationalist Party as individuals and will keep their CCP memberships. The Nationalist Party will be reorganized along Marxist-Leninist lines.
  • January - Joint statement by Comintern and the Nationalist Party. The Soviet Union will help in the unification of China. The statement also specifies that Communism is not suitable for China, and the Soviet system should not be adopted. The Soviet Union will give up all privileges and interests obtained in China by Tsarist Russia. Outer Mongolia is recognized as part of China. However, Red forces will stay in Mongolia to fight White Russian forces.
  • February – Split between Wu Peifu (Beijing government) and the Chinese Communist Party. Striking workers in Hankou shot and killed. Wu claims the strikes are organized by the Chinese Communist Party and orders the arrest of Li Dazhao.
  • February – Sun Yat-sen, accompanied by Chiang Kai-shek, arrives back in Guangzhou to lead the new government in the south. Sun assumes the new title of Grand Marshal.
  • June – In Beijing, Li Yuanhong is ousted from the presidency.
  • June - Third congress of the Chinese Communist Party held in Guangzhou. Mao Zedong is elected to the Central Committee. Communist members would join the Nationalist Party as individuals.
  • August – Chiang Kai-shek and three other Chinese delegates leave for the Soviet Union. Chiang and his party spend almost three months in the USSR.
  • August - Soviet agent Borodin appointed Sun Yat-sen's political adviser.
  • October - Cao Kun elected president of the Beijing government by bribing members of the National Assembly.